Papillomatosis of the larynx is a common disease. A few years ago, the only possible method of treating the problem was surgery, over time conservative methods of dealing with the disease appeared.
Causes
Papillomas in the throat appear due to the growth of connective tissue and epithelium. These formations are benign in nature. However, that doesn't mean they should be ignored.
Outwardly, the growths look like cockscombs of a red or pink hue. Single copies rarely appear. There are often multiple formations.
They occur on the tongue, directly in the larynx, palate and vocal cords, arches of the tonsils, pharynx and trachea.
The greatest danger is papillomas located in the throat, which interfere with the normal functioning of the respiratory tract. These are growths on the bronchi and trachea. They lead to serious consequences and complications.
Papillomas appear in the throat if HPV is activated.
This occurs under the following conditions:
- the presence of infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, measles;
- reduced immunity;
- polluted atmosphere in the area of residence;
- the presence of chronic diseases of the nose, throat and ears;
- tension of the vocal cords.
There is the concept of "juvenile papillomatosis". They suffer from young children. With it, multiple papillomas in the throat close the lumen of the larynx, which interferes with the normal respiratory process.
Adults with HPV in the trachea or bronchi can develop into a malignant tumor, provided there is no treatment. However, even surgery does not guarantee that the formations will not reappear.
Papillomas in the throat: symptoms
At an early stage, the problem may not manifest itself.
But as warts grow, symptoms are observed:
- wheezing;
- the appearance of hoarseness, cough for no reason, heaviness in the throat;
- problems with the endocrine system;
- any changes related to the respiratory system;
- cough, accompanied by sputum secretion or even blood;
- lump in the throat.
In children, papillomas in the throat can manifest themselves with symptoms:
- asthma attacks due to respiratory tract edema;
- the appearance of shortness of breath;
- difficulty in carrying out the respiratory process;
- hoarseness;
- violations in the development of the child.
How can you get infected?
Papillomavirus is transmitted through contact with an infected person.
This can happen in several ways:
- Sexual way. Above all, the risk of contracting papilloma is great for those who lead a promiscuous sex life.
- Home way. When using a towel, blanket and in common areas.
- Through a kiss
- In the presence of cracks or micro-cracks.
- self-infection;
- When passing through the birth canal (from an infected mother to a child).
Who is at risk?
Often, HPV in the throat occurs in children who have infections associated with the ENT organs. These include pharyngitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, purulent otitis media, laryngitis.
The most common throat papillomatosis was among people in the 20 to 45 age group.
In the risk factor, a person who has bad habits, constantly experiences stress, leads an unhealthy lifestyle.
There are a number of indirect factors that can provoke the development of papillomas of the throat:
- taking hormone pills;
- live in an area with a high level of air pollution;
- second-hand smoke;
- violations in the care of the oral cavity;
- hormonal failure in the body;
- the presence of hereditary factors;
- fatigue.
Types of HPV in the throat
There are many classifications of papillomas found in the throat.
Here is how the types of disease are divided according to age:
- Congenital (i. e. infection occurred in utero).
- Children.
- Acquired (during intercourse or in a domestic way).
- Adult.
- Applicant.
Another division is based on the degree of growth of papillomas:
- a limited option, when the spread of formations occurs in a certain area of the throat;
- common form, when papillomas are scattered everywhere;
- shutter type. In this case, the growths interfere with the passage of air through the respiratory tract.
Based on the state of the respiratory system and the presence of symptomatic manifestations, the disease can be:
- First compensatory degree. It is characterized by a slight difficulty during inhalation and exhalation, the appearance of hoarseness.
- Second compensatory degree. Shortness of breath appears, the body stops getting enough oxygen, a constant feeling of anxiety appears, cold sweat appears, and the skin begins to turn blue.
- Third degree, when there is a complete cessation of breathing. The patient loses consciousness due to asphyxiation.
Depending on the presence of oncogenic properties, papilloma in the throat can be:
- benign;
- malignant.
Localization of papillomas
Neoplasms can be located directly in the throat, on any of its parts or on the larynx. Which of them are dangerous?
Those growths that arise in the throat affect the tonsils. There are papillomas on the soft palate or on the side walls. Rarely, formations can be found on the vocal cords. Do not confuse papillomas on the tonsils and traffic jams.
In the second case, there is a taste of pus in the mouth. It is impossible to independently determine what it is specifically ⏤. You need to contact a specialist.
If this is a cork, then simply rinse the problem area. If it is a papilloma on the tonsil, the doctor will prescribe effective therapy. It can be conservative treatment or surgery.
Papillomas of the larynx are dangerous. These growths can interrupt the patient's speech, interfere with the respiratory process. It is important that this problem occurs in children.
Due to the fact that the respiratory lumen is significantly reduced, laryngeal papilloma can cause suffocation, lack of oxygen in the body and death.
Diagnosis of papillomas in the throat
Before starting treatment for papillomas, the doctor will prescribe a number of diagnostic measures.
Papillomatosis of the throat can be detected using:
- Laryngoscopy - the study of the problem area using a special laryngoscope tool.
- Histology - the study of papilloma tissues. Often done after a growth has been removed or after a biopsy has been done.
- Microlaryngoscopy - allows you to consider all the nuances of the appearance of education.
- Electroglottography - allows you to determine the type of papillomas (benign or malignant).
- X-ray: Determines how common the throat problem is.
Conservative treatment
Papillomas in the throat area can be treated with conservative methods. The most common method is chemotherapy. It is carried out with the help of chemical drugs.
They are applied to the affected areas, for these purposes are used:
- Potassium permanganate.
- salicylic acid.
- Salts of silver nitrate.
- Sulfuric acid.
- perhydrol.
- Nitric acid.
The cauterization procedure must be performed by a qualified person. There are a number of substances that are banned due to high toxicity for the treatment of children.
Another conservative method is radiation therapy. Its main task is to destroy diseased cells. This modern method has recently been increasingly used to eliminate papillomas.
Remove tumors in the throat and with the help of radiation therapy. The main advantage of the method is the absence of damage or scarring, rapid healing and the exclusion of relapses.
The doctor prescribes drinking antiviral drugs, recommends taking immunostimulants.
Removal of papillomas in the throat
Experts believe that the only correct and effective treatment option is surgical removal of the papilloma.
For this, the appropriate method is selected:
- laser;
- radio wave method;
- cryodestruction;
- laryngoscopy;
- electrocoagulation.
It is impossible to remove neoplasms on your own. There is a high probability of papilloma injury. This will cause a benign tumor to rapidly degenerate into a cancerous formation. Only the surgeon will perform the operation successfully.
Surgery to remove growths in children is contraindicated. This leads to the complete cessation of breathing. These methods are not used in early childhood.
Treatment with folk remedies
There are a number of folk medicines, with which they can get rid of papillomas in the throat. They are based on natural herbs and plants. A simple remedy is to eat 1 large spoonful of fresh honey per day.
An infusion of bay leaves will help to cope with the problem. They are poured with boiling water and kept in a thermos overnight. During the day, the resulting medicine is drunk. The course of treatment with the drug is 2 weeks.
An effective recipe is a mixture of chopped horseradish with honey. The ingredients are taken in equal proportions. You need to take a spoonful of funds a day. The gruel is placed on the tongue and after a couple of seconds it is washed off with water.
Since ancient times, people have treated papillomas located in the throat by drinking a decoction of a mixture of bird cherry, thyme, licorice, black currant, raspberry, coltsfoot and plantain. The drug is taken an hour after eating for 3 months.
You can't treat the problem with folk recipes. The sooner the patient sees a doctor, the sooner she will receive highly qualified assistance, this will help to avoid consequences.